I ended up taking the tougher path. Made a full Time Machine backup to an external drive, booted into the Recovery HD volume, erased the boot volume, reinstalled High Sierra (so, a clean install), then restored all my applications and data. (Important here is the use of an external drive for the restore, not our house Time Capsule. Time Machine restores via wifi are OK for retrieving the odd file but they are, in my experience, unreliable for complete reinstalls.) That took several worrisome hours (700+ GB of data to copy over) but after rebooting, a few account setup tasks, everything seems to be working as it should. Still a few glitches with software that need serial numbers and the like. But the dyn.age80c6du problem is definitely corrected and my system appears stable (no weird crashes and lockups as before.) Still no idea how this happened or what in fact the clean install effectively repaired.
Thanks to those who offered suggestions. So grateful for the leads this discussion gave me that, as forecast, I've purchased the Alfred Power Pack. Still learning all that I can do with Alfred but overall pleased with features of the application.