After running Alfred 3 from the CLI, I looked at the logs to find this error that only occurs when I copy text from Sublime Text:
2020-03-14 23:21:17.887 Alfred 3[90607:1749465] Unknown error calling sqlite3_step (11: database disk image is malformed) eu
2020-03-14 23:21:17.887 Alfred 3[90607:1749465] DB Query: insert into clipboard (item, ts, app, apppath, datatype, datahash) values (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)
2020-03-14 23:21:17.887 Alfred 3[90607:1749465] Unknown error finalizing or resetting statement (11: database disk image is malformed)
2020-03-14 23:21:17.887 Alfred 3[90607:1749465] DB Query: insert into clipboard (item, ts, app, apppath, datatype, datahash) values (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)